當(dāng)前位置 >主頁(yè) > 新聞動(dòng)態(tài)
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2025-06-07瀏覽: 73次 標(biāo)簽:
遵守國(guó)家有關(guān)環(huán)境保護(hù)的法律法規(guī),并采取有效措施,以控制生產(chǎn)車(chē)間作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的各種粉塵、廢水、噪聲和廢棄物對(duì)環(huán)境的污染和危害。
生產(chǎn)車(chē)間作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)保措施包括:
1. 制定詳細(xì)的揚(yáng)塵污染控制方案,依法進(jìn)行排污申報(bào),并設(shè)置圍擋、圍欄和防溢座等設(shè)施。同時(shí),實(shí)施防塵、抑塵、壓塵和降塵措施,硬化進(jìn)出道路,配備洗車(chē)平臺(tái),采用密閉運(yùn)輸,完善排水設(shè)施,以減少泥土粘帶。確保施工運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛清潔,保持施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)周邊道路的整潔,并嚴(yán)格控制揚(yáng)塵的產(chǎn)生。
2. 施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的生活設(shè)施,如食堂大灶,必須使用清潔燃料。禁止燃燒《大氣污染防治法》中禁止的物質(zhì),如木材、塑料和橡膠等廢棄物。
3. 在涉及化學(xué)品使用的裝修、防水等施工環(huán)節(jié)中,必須采取措施有效控制由此產(chǎn)生的揮發(fā)性廢氣。
生產(chǎn)車(chē)間作業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)廢水污染的預(yù)防措施包括:
1. 生活污水和施工廢水必須通過(guò)單獨(dú)的收集管道和收集池進(jìn)行分流處理,實(shí)現(xiàn)雨污分離。
2. 對(duì)于建設(shè)工地產(chǎn)生的生活污水,在具備接管條件的情況下,經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)處理后,統(tǒng)一納入城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)進(jìn)行集中處理。
3. 施工機(jī)械產(chǎn)生的廢水、車(chē)輛沖洗水和工地地面沖洗水,應(yīng)采取指定清洗地點(diǎn)和鋪設(shè)臨時(shí)管網(wǎng)等措施,確保統(tǒng)一收集并經(jīng)過(guò)處理后回用、接管或清運(yùn)。
4. 項(xiàng)目開(kāi)工前,需提供污水預(yù)處理監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)告、污水接管證明和臨時(shí)清運(yùn)協(xié)議等文件。這些文件需經(jīng)區(qū)環(huán)保局審查同意后,項(xiàng)目方可開(kāi)工建設(shè)。
5. 加強(qiáng)污水處理和清運(yùn)的管理,規(guī)范污水處理的排放和清運(yùn)行為。
《人與環(huán)境知識(shí)》叢書(shū)是一套科普類(lèi)圖書(shū),旨在通過(guò)介紹與人類(lèi)生產(chǎn)、生活以及生命健康密切相關(guān)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,向大眾普及環(huán)境知識(shí),提升大眾對(duì)環(huán)保問(wèn)題的重視。
目前,我國(guó)城市垃圾以每年 8%~9%的速度在增長(zhǎng),城市人均年生活垃圾產(chǎn)生量約為 ~kg。 雖然近年來(lái)我國(guó)城市生活垃圾處理取得了一定成效,但總體的生活垃圾清運(yùn)和處理能力還明顯不足,下面裕祥安全網(wǎng)
小編給大家分析下垃圾清運(yùn)過(guò)程中存在哪些問(wèn)題
1、形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻:我國(guó)城市人口眾多,在日常生活中所排放的垃圾數(shù)量相當(dāng)可觀,城市垃圾處理問(wèn)題給國(guó)家的城市化發(fā)展進(jìn)程帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。
2、垃圾清運(yùn)過(guò)程秩序混亂,清運(yùn)設(shè)施不完善。
3、城市居民對(duì)于垃圾處理的責(zé)任和意識(shí)不強(qiáng)。
4、垃圾清運(yùn)車(chē)輛缺乏清潔管理。
因此,結(jié)合我國(guó)城市生活垃圾處理現(xiàn)狀和存在的問(wèn)題,小編提出如下對(duì)策建議 :
1、拓寬投資或融資渠道,制訂相關(guān)優(yōu)惠政策,鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展垃圾處理產(chǎn)業(yè),加快城市生活垃圾處理場(chǎng)的建設(shè)。這是改變目前我國(guó)垃圾產(chǎn)生量大、處理能力不足、處理率低的關(guān)鍵所在。
2、盡快編制固體廢物(含生活垃圾)污染防治規(guī)劃。通過(guò)規(guī)劃的實(shí)施,提高生活垃圾處理規(guī)模,優(yōu)化設(shè)施結(jié)構(gòu)和布局,高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高起點(diǎn)建設(shè)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的生活垃圾處理設(shè)施,改善居民的生存環(huán)境。
3、加強(qiáng)垃圾處理場(chǎng)的管理。切實(shí)改變目前垃圾處理場(chǎng)臟、亂、差,管理水平低下的現(xiàn)狀。
4、加強(qiáng)對(duì)生活垃圾處理設(shè)施的監(jiān)督監(jiān)測(cè)。嚴(yán)格垃圾處理場(chǎng)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的審批與管理,認(rèn)真履行建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度和“三同時(shí)”制度;加強(qiáng)對(duì)垃圾處理場(chǎng)廢水、廢氣等各類(lèi)環(huán)保處理設(shè)施以及滲濾液、地下水、無(wú)組織排放廢氣等的監(jiān)督監(jiān)測(cè)。完善生活垃圾處理設(shè)施的監(jiān)測(cè)方法、 監(jiān)測(cè)手段,健全監(jiān)測(cè)體系。
5、 完善相關(guān)法律和政策體系 ,我國(guó)目前有關(guān)城市生活垃圾管理的法律還不夠完善,應(yīng)加快修訂相關(guān)法律法規(guī),完善相關(guān)管理制度。《固體廢棄物污染環(huán)境防治法》對(duì)城市垃圾做出了全面的規(guī)定和要求,但仍需制訂其他配套法規(guī)和專(zhuān)門(mén)法規(guī)落實(shí)細(xì)化[],例如,關(guān)于垃圾分類(lèi)收集處理,還沒(méi)有制訂一部相關(guān)的法規(guī)予以規(guī)范和指導(dǎo);對(duì)于廢舊電池等危險(xiǎn)廢棄物,也亟需制訂專(zhuān)門(mén) 的管理法規(guī)條例。
另外,地方政府應(yīng)積極發(fā)揮職能作用,制訂和完善具體的地方生活垃圾處理相關(guān)法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn),使有關(guān)部門(mén)能夠依法加強(qiáng)管理,規(guī)范生活垃圾處理行為。此外,地方政府還要重視法律、法規(guī)的落實(shí)和檢查督促工作,制訂一定的獎(jiǎng)懲制度。在針對(duì)生活垃圾開(kāi)展的管理工作中采取獎(jiǎng)懲并舉、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)為主、懲罰為輔的原則,使法律、法規(guī)能夠真正落到實(shí)處。比如, 年,廣州市制定了《廣州市生活垃圾分類(lèi)管理規(guī)定(征求意見(jiàn)稿) 》并向市民征集意見(jiàn)。在征求意見(jiàn)稿中,廣州擬安排專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金用于生活垃圾分類(lèi)管理及有關(guān)設(shè)施的建設(shè)和維護(hù),并明確提出將為垃圾分類(lèi)實(shí)施制定出處罰條款,處罰金額視違反情況從 元至。
以上就是裕祥安全網(wǎng)給您整理的垃圾清運(yùn)過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,接下來(lái)小編將給大家介紹生活垃圾的分類(lèi)與處理方法
這部分社區(qū)環(huán)境安全小知識(shí)
,歡迎關(guān)注。
????????2??1???
???????1???1???
??????????????oè????????????3¨é????ˉ???????????????????????1????????1?????????è???????±???é?μ??????
??????1?????2??1?o???????????1???1??£???????????????????????°??o????????3??ˉ?????1é?¢????3?è§????????-????è§?????????¥????o??1???1è???¥??????§è?????
??????2?????¨?1???1????·¥???é?′?????2??1?o??????o?ˉ1????·¥??°??o????????£????ˉ1?1???1??¨è???????ˉ????·¥?????-?-???¨???é??é¢?????o?????????oè?????????ˉ????????o|???????o??§ˉ????????????????????????
??????3?????2??1?|??????°?1???1???è???????????è???????3???????????°è±???????????-¢??????????o???????????????oè§£??3??1?3??????ˉé???????¤?1???1??′??1???
??????4????1???1??¨????·¥???é?′??????é???°?é?-????·¥??°??o???é?2?-¢??°??o?°????é£????????ˉ1?o????é£???????????°?é¢??2???£?????????????o??°?é??????????¨?o?????-???????
??????5????o??????2??1???????????????????????°??o????????3??ˉ???????-??§ˉ???????±???ˉ????·¥???????????°??o?-?????????¨????????°??1????????????????¤?è?????????·¥?????°?·¥?????????????????o?????????è?????é??????′??°′????°?????°?????|?é??è???¤§???é??é?????è?|è?????????????o?-???????????1?é????¨?·¥???????o???¥??????è??????ˉ????
??????6???????·¥??°??o????1±????????????????1±??¢???????????????é???±?????????¥?????§è????ˉ????±????è§???????????????ˉ????·¥???è????°????¤????
??????7???????·¥??°??o??o?????§????oo??o??aé?3?????????????o|????°?é??????°??oo??o????¤§?£°??§???????¢???o??¨???????·¥?oo???é?2?-¢??aé?3??°??°??????????·¥???è?aè§????èˉ?????°?é??é????¨?????aé?3?????·???é????aè???¤????????·¥??o?¢°???????·¥??°??o?????o??a?£°??o?¢°è|?è??????°?é?-?????o?¢°????£??????¥????°???o??aé?3????????£???
??????8?????a????¤????????3¥?μ??°′?????¥?|???′??¥?????¥??????????°′è????????
??????9????|??-¢?°?????ˉ??????3?o???????????????1???????????¥????±??????°????°′?????ˉ?¢????
??????????1???1??¨????·¥???é?′????o??°???ˉ????·¥??????????§???????
??????????|??????a?°??o????????????1???????????????
????????????è?????????o????????????1????-????????????????????????????
????????2??1??? xx?1′1???1??¥
???????1???1??? xx?1′1???1??¥
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?2???????????·???SV-PB-- ??2??1????·±??3???XX?§???????é???????? ?1???1???
???????3??????£è?¨?oo??? ?3??????£è?¨?oo???
????????°?????? ??°??????
????????μèˉ???? ????????? ??μèˉ???? ?????????
????????2??1????1???1??o?o????è?¤??±??2??1è?¢è′-????1???1????o?????o§???(??????????????????è????????é??é????????????????????????????¥??????è£???????)??ˉ??|???è?3??§???ROHS?????¤è|??±????è???????¥??????è?????
???????????¤?????·???è|??±?è??è???????′????1??????¥?1???1???
???????o?????1???1???é?????èˉ???????(??¥?????¨????1′???é?????)?????2??1???????????????è′¨???????μ??o|????μ?èˉ???¥???(SGS?£??μ???¥???)???????o???????????????¨èˉ???????è?¥?1???1(???????1???1????????????è′-??¥??1????????1)???é???????¨????????????é?¨?????????é????1?3?????·¥è?o?μ??¨??-????????????′??????é???????2??1è?????????1?é????°???????????3???????????1è?¤èˉ???o???????£??μ???¥?????????????????¨èˉ???????
????????????è?¥?1???1?2???????????o?????o|????????????????μ?èˉ???¥????????2??1????????±è?¤??o?1???1?????????????μ?èˉ???¥????????????????????2??1 ??????è§£é?¤????1???1?-?è?¢????1°?????????(???è′§??????)???
??????????????2??1?ˉ1??????????o?????1???1??????????μ?èˉ???°??????èμ?????????¥???????ˉ???????è?¥????o???o??3?????2??1???é????¢èˉ¢é????2??1?o§?????????????????????è′¨????????o??????èμ????è|??±?????????2??1??ˉ??¥????????????????o?????1???1??????????μ?èˉ???°??????èμ?????????¥??????
???????o?????1???1è????????????????????èˉ?????????o????o§?????????èˉ??1|????μ?èˉ???°??????èμ?????????¥????????1?????????????1???1?o??????2??1??ˉ???è???o|é???oo?°???????????????′???è?¥è???o|é?????è?3??¥??¥è?¥??2??1????μ?????¤±???????1???1è???o?èμ??????2??1???????μ?????¤±?????2??1???????μ?????¤±????????′??¥???????μ?????¤±???é?′??¥???????μ?????¤±???????¤±????????????é???o???¥???????§??????2??1??ˉ???????1???1??????????????????????-|???è′¨???è′§????????·????????2??1???èˉ¥è′§????????????è????ˉ??????è′§?????¥?????1???è???o|é?????èμ???????è′§?????¥?????1???????μ?????¤±????????¢??·?????????é??è′§è????ˉ??????è??è′1??????è′§???????????????è????ˉ???????????3????o????????????¥?????2??1èˉ¥??1è′§???è′???????é¢?????????|?????2??1????????£????o?????1???1???è′§?????¥??μ???è???o|é?????????μ?????¤±???è?????????o?????3????è′£??????
????????-?????????è??è?a?????1?-??-?????????????????????????????????1?1°?????????(???è′§??????)??????é?¨????????????????????·???????-??3?????????????è?¥??????è?????????1°?????????(???è′§??????)?????????è?′?????°??1?????¥??????è????o??????
??????????????????è??????????¤????????2?1??????1?????§????????·???????-??????????
????????2??1(??????)??? ?1???1(??????)???
??????????????£è?¨?oo(?-????)??? ????????£è?¨?oo(?-????)???
???????-?è?¢??¥?????? ?1′ ??? ??¥ ?-?è?¢??¥?????? ?1′ ??? ??¥ ?o§??????è′′ROHS???èˉ?(??????è?3?o§??????????°????è£????)?????2??1??ˉ??¥??1??????????¤?????3?è§???????????????¢??·è|??±?????ˉ1?????3
???????·±??3???XX?§???????é???????? ??°???????·±??3????|???°??oè?|????o?XXXXXX T --XXXXXXXX F --XXXXXXXX
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?3??????????¢3???Lw carbn??????????????ˉ???è?????????????¤?°?????????°??¨?¤????????¤?é????????é??è|?????¢3??ˉ???????????o??′??a??°???????o|?·2???????§?é????????????????±????oo?±?????′?????|???????è??è??????-¢?°??????′??????é?£?1??oo?±?é?????è????¥??ˉ?????????é??a?| é?????????′??????¥?????1???????oo??????????′???????????1?????o?????¤§?????1??????????????????è?aè??è?|è???????o??????è?|????±?è?|?-?é???o§??£?-¥?·¥??·??????è?¨é?¢??????????????ˉ??1????????·?o?è???¤??????ˉ??o??3?1?é???1?è????¥?????????é??èˉ′???????o????é??????????¤é?¢??§????????????è??????oo?±???¨????????1???????????????????o???°????????o??3?1?????????????????o???? ?±?è?|????°??°?????·¥??????????????3?°?????-?è???o??????§??????????3????é????¨????¤??¤?????¤§?°?è?-?°§?±???????????????????é???ˉ?è?′???é????§?????¨??????????????????èμ???¥????-??????°????-?é?¢??′???????-??-??o???? ????o??o???¥é????????????o2??????è§?????o????é??è?¨????????¨?????§a???????¤????o?a???·2?????¥é????±??3??°?oo?±????????-???ˉ?¢??????¥?o·?????¨?????3????oo?±????????????¥??oè±a???é??é???¢?é?????è?¨è?????GDP?1??????o??ˉ?¢??±????????°??????????è??a???¤§????????£a?????
??????xx?1′2?????¥???????o?é??è??????1|????-£????????????è????ˉ?oo?±??????2???é|??????¥?3?è§??????¢???é??????????¤?°???????????????o?o????è???????????????????¤?°???????????????????è??????1|???è??é???????¥???????§?????????1??????
??????????????¤??a???è?????????1?é?′??ˉ??¥è??è????????é¢??o|?1°??????a????????????o¤???a???????3é????¥????????????????????????????????ˉ??¥è?±é?±???è??é¢???????????????????????1°è??è????o???é¢??o|???
???????o??????¥a???????????é??a??è??????????¤?°??????????é???????3????????????é????????é????-??£é?¤?£?????????????????o??°§????¢3?????°é?????
??????????????ˉ??¥é????¨???è?2????????o???????????????è???????????????±???-????????±??????????????¤?°???????
??????????????ˉ??¥é????¨a??é????¢??1???a???????3??§??????é?¨???è???¤?????????ˉè§???o?????a??′??????é???????????????????????????????????????¢?????????1?3??????¨?????????????????????????????? è??èˉ′??????????1?è?3??′??a??????é??????§???3?3¨è???±?é??é¢????è?????????????o?????a???é???oo?1??o?????????aa????ˉ???????£?a???????¤??°??????
??????????′???-??ˉ???????¤??????¨???è-??|???¨è???????§??μ?±????????????§?-·?-????è???o??????1???è¢???????????????¥??????é¢???μ?±??|????é????°??¢??¨????¤??????′?????????èˉ′??ˉ????£¤é??????????ˉ??¥??′???????£¤???????????′??¥??±?????°?????¨??????é?????è??????????§?-·?-?????3???¥????????¨?????§?o??????¨????????????è??????ˉ?è?′?o??°§????¢3????3?è¢??????¨?°???ˉè?????????????????è???¤§é???????2???è?-?°§?±???? ?????????????????3è|??????°????¢3??ˉ????1????é?????é?¤?o???????????¤?????o???§??μ?±????????°??????¨????????§?-·?-??????????è????ˉ??¥è?2???è????????è??è????o??|?????¥?????1?????|è??è???¤?????????¨???é???????3????????o??μ?o?????|??????ˉ??oè??8???é????¥?¤??1????è?¨é???o¤é????ˉ?ˉ??1?????±?è?|????°?????o??°§????¢3????????????è?|è′-?1°????????????è|????????¤????????1°??????????1°?¥?????1???ˉ??¥?§??¤?????o???????????????°?-??-??????°???è????°?????1??′é????¨??o????¢3??ˉ??????è′???????????1???′è???o|?o????é?′???é??é?±????2??????ˉ??¤??¨???????1????????1?è???????o??¢??? ????¢3??ˉ???é??è|??¤§????????ˉ?????????????????????????????????è???1??????¢??¥?????ˉ????°????????¥?????′????????′???????è???2???????
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?4??????*************???é????????
????????ˉ??????è???1|
??????è′-è′§??1?????2??1??????**********é????????
?????????è′§??1????1???1??????
???????o????é??HSFè§???????ROSH?????¤???REACH?3?è§???????????3?????3?è§???¥?????¢??·?ˉ1?o??o§????????ˉ???è|??±????é?′?o??1???1??ˉ??2??1???????o?????????o?o?????????2??1????o§????o§?????|?????ˉ???è|??±????????????1????¥?????????????è?′è???????¥??????è?????
?????????????1???1???????????2??1?????????????o§??????é???????3é?μ??a?1???|?????2??1????????3???è′¨?????§????????????é???????????HSF???
??????ROHS???WEEE???REACH?-??3?è§?è|??±?????????2??1??????????1???1?????¢??·???????????2??1???????????????????????¥??2??1??¢??·????????o??????
???????o?????1???1?????2??1???????????????????o§?????????è??è????2??1????????3???è′¨?????????????????-?????????é?1è??é???????2??1
???????o§????????|?????¢??·??ˉ???è|??±????è?′?o¤????±????è??é???????2??1????μ?????¤±???????°???±?1???1è′?è′£?1?èμ??????2??1 ??±?-¤è???ˉ?è?′?????????????μ?????¤±???
?????????????1???1???????????2??1?????????????o§??????è?o????????????é??è|?è??è???????′???????1???1é????¥?1|é?¢??¢????????2??1???
??????????????′????????????????????????????????′?????1?????????é???????2??1??????????o????????????1?μ?èˉ???o????????o?????? ??3???è′¨???é???£??μ?????????¥???????????·????1???1???é??è|??±??????????????o???????è?¥???????o?????????????????????? ?o§?????????????????′????1?é??é????¥?1???1????1?????1???1??????????o?????3?????μ?èˉ???o????????o????????3???è′¨???é?? ?£??μ?????????¥??????
?????????????1???1??????????????2??1????????3???è′¨???é???μ?èˉ???¥????????¥èˉ??1|?????o??¥???èμ·è?????è????o????1′???é??é????°??′??°?????|?????2??1IQC?°????????1???1?o§???????|???2??1??¢??·è|??±??ˉ1?????3???è′¨???é??????μ?èˉ?é¢???????é¢??¤?è|??±? ???????1???1é??é???????2??1???è|??±????????μ?èˉ???¥??????
???????o??????2??1??a??¥?????oè?aSGS???ITS???CTI???éa???¤????£??μ??1??????3???è′¨?μ?èˉ???¥??????
????????-???è?¥????????????????????′????1???1é?????è??????????1?£??μ???o???è??è???£??μ???????é???????2??1?????????è???????′?????|???????1???1?????1è′§???????????????è?¥é???????¢??·?£??μ?????????????é??????????±?-¤è??é??????????′??¥???é?′??¥ ????¤±???
??????????????2??1?????????????ˉ1?1???1??????????o§???è??è??????£?????|??????????????°???±?1???1??????????o?????¤±??? ????????????è????a?°??o????????????1??ˉ??????è§£??3?????¨??aè??????1|é?¢???è???1?????????¥??????è????o?????? ?1??????????è??????????¤????????2????1??????1?????§???????????·???????-??3?????????????
????????2 ??1??? ?1? ??1???
??????**********************
??????????????? ?????????
??????è′?è′£?oo??? è′?è′£?oo??? ??¥ ?????? ??¥ ??????
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?5????????¨?-£???????·¥????????¥??-????????1???é??é?μ?????¥?????ˉ??????è?????
??????1??? ??2??1??????????′???¨????????????é??é?μ????????¨??????????????ˉ?¢??????¤?????3????3?????3?è§????
??????2??? ??2??1???é???ˉ1??ˉ?¢??±????é??????§ˉ???é¢?é?2?1??????-??1è???????a??????????????ˉ?¢??±??????????è????°?????¨?????????????????????????o??????o?????-??1è????????èˉo???
??????3??? ??o????????2??1????′???¨????????????'???????ˉ1??ˉ?¢???±????????°?????-????????§????????2??1???é????o?????ˉ?¢???§???????o|??????????o???o?????????èˉ???·??ˉ?¢???±????????ˉ?¢???§??????????o|???
??????4??? ??¨????1???1????????????????????2??1???é???°????????????ˉ?¢??????ˉè???????±???????1???1???????1|é?¢???èˉ′???????1?????????°?1???1??????è?¤????ˉ1?o???????è???-?è?¢?????2??1?·2??????????1???1??????????????2??1?o???¨?-?è?¢??????è??????????????è?¥????1|é?¢èˉ′???????1???1???
??????5??? ??¨???????o¤???è???¨???-?????2??1???é??é?????????????a????°????????????ˉè??é??????????ˉ?¢???±????????°èˉ?????????¥????1???1??¨??¥????????????è??????????§??????è???§?èˉ??????a????o???????????????3?3?????3?è§??ˉ1?21è??????o??°??o§????-??????1??????èˉ????
??????6??? ??¨???????o¤???è???¨???-?????2??1???é??é???????a?????§????1??????-????°??o¤????′???¨?????ˉ?¢???|??¥?????±??????è???§???±????′???¨?o???????è??è????????èˉ????è£?????-????
??????7??? ??2??1?ˉ1?1???1?????????????????????é???ˉ1??????é???????|??¥?????ˉ?¢???±????????o???????¤?????1??????????èˉo???è???§????èˉo?o????????ˉ1????????????????????|??¥????o???????è??è???????????????¤??????????????1???1?ˉ1????????ˉ?¢??±????è??è????§???????????????
??????8??? ??2??1???é????o???????¥???ˉ?¢??o?????o???¥????o??¨??o??1??????????èˉ?éa????èˉ???·èˉ¥?¨??o????é???o???§???????????§???
??????9??? ??2??1?o???o?????¥?????????è?3?1???1?????o???????????ˉ?¢?è|??±?????¨??o?????1??????¨?????¥?1???1???è???§???????è|??±????????1|é?¢?????£?¤′???????|?????1???1?ˉ1??2??1è??è????ˉ?¢???1é?¢??????èˉ?????????2??1?o????????????o????o????
????????? ?1???1?ˉ??1′?°????????ˉ1??2??1??¨??ˉ?¢??????¤??1é?¢????·¥???è??è??è°???¥????ˉ1è°???¥?·¥?????2??1?o??????¨é?????????1??ˉ1è°???¥???è?¤????????????é?1?????2??1?o?é???????1è????a??????
????????? ?1???1?ˉ??1′?°?é??è???′?????oo?ˉ1??2??1è??è??????????ˉ?????¥èˉ???1è?-??????é????ˉ???èμ????????????2??1??¨??ˉ?????1é?¢?????1è?-?????¥?????-???é????2??1?????ˉ??????èˉ????
????????? ??¥????ˉ1??2??1?????ˉ???è|??±???±?1???1è′?è′£è§£é???????2??1é???????ˉ????1???1??¨èˉ¢???
????????? ?|?????????1è???????????è???????|?????1???????ˉ1???é?????é????????????μ??????????
????????? ??????è??????????¤???????????1??????????????????è???????1è?a?????1?-?è?¢?1???¥èμ·????§??????????
????????2??1??£è?¨??? ?1???1??£è?¨???
????????2??1??°?????? ?1???1??°??????
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?6????????2??1??? ______________________
???????1???1???
????????1????????-????oo?°???±??????????μ????????3????????????3è§????????????2?1??????1????¥?????????????????13?-??o?????????????????°±??2??1????1???1???è?????????o????è??????|???????è??????????1??±???é?μ??????
??????1?????2??1????1???1?-???????è?????è′?è′£?¤?????1???1?????¥???????????????è???·¥????????????????′??·¥??????é???????§??3????????????é?2????????????????±??????ˉ????±????è§????è??è??????|????è???????3??????????o????è§???????è????o?????2??1?°?è′???¨é?¨è′£??????
??????2?????2??1?3??1???1???è????? a?? ???????¤???????????oo??? a?????è′?è′£?1???1?·¥?????o??°??¥????????o??¨é?¨???????????????è?o????§??¤??°????é?¨?¤????é?a?¤??????·?¤??????-?¤??-???????????????????è???·¥????ˉ??¤?é??è|???§???è??è???????????è???????¥??¨??????
??????3?????2??1è|??????????????1???1??ˉ????§???????è′?è′£?oo?????????????1????é????????è???????¨é?¨??????????????′é??????|¥?????????èˉ????????¤?????????¨??′??ˉ?¢???′?′?????12???è????°?1???1è§?????????????è|??±????
??????4????ˉ1?o???¨?1???1???è????o????·¥????????2???è?o??¨????????°??1???????????μ?????????????o¤é???o?????????????é???¤±????ooèo?????¤??????¤???????????1???è′¢?o§????oo???????????2??1???é??????????¨é?¨è′£???????1???1?????????????????¢??????è′£???????′¢èμ????
??????5.??2??1?¤??????¨é?¨???????????????é????¥???é?μ??§??3????????ˉ????±??????????è§???????è|??±?????|????è?????????????¨é?¨?????????è′£????????±??2??1?????????è???????ˉ??¥????1???1?????o?′¢èμ????
??????6.??2??1??????????????????èˉ????è???????????è?|???è?ˉ?12??????è????ˉ?-£?????2??1???è????????????1???1????ˉ?è?| ???è????????è?¥?1???1?????°??2??1???è??è???¨???-?????o??°???è??è?|?????o?????o??°è?|è??è£?è??????????????è????????è?|?????o??|?1???1?·¥?????o??°??????é????¨?-????é?±??????????1???1??????????-¢???è??????1?è§????è??è??é???¤???¥????o???????é??é¢?????ˉ?è?|?????????????????????
??????7.??2??1?????o???é?????????°?????????o??????èˉ??1???1é??????????????è?¥???????????μèˉ???a??¥?????? ??????
??????8.???è?????????-¢?o???????
??????A????1???1?°?????????????è§£é?¤???è??è?????é???????????è§£é?????
??????B????|?????????3?????????????o?é?¨é?¨é????¥?1???1????-¢???è????????è?????????o?é?¨é?¨????????3è§???????????????????????1???1???????????3????-¢??????è??????|???????????-¤?????μ?????2??1??????è|??±?èμ???????è?¥???????¤±???
??????C????|???????????????1è|??±???????????-¢?-¤???è????????é????????????????¥???è?a?????°é????¥?1|?1???¥???èμ·?????¥?1|é?¢??¢???é????¥?ˉ1??1???é????¥?1|?????¥?ˉ1??1???è|??±?????-¢?-¤???è?????
??????D????|??????2??1?2?????????????????¤?é????¥?1???1è???????1??????????-¢?????????????1???1???????????2??1?′¢èμ????
??????9????-¤???????1????????????o?£1?1′?????3 _____?1′_____???_____??¥ è?3 _____?1′ _____???_____ ??¥ ???
??????????|?????????1??????è?ˉ?¥????????????°??????????????¨?-¤???è????°???????????-?-????è?????
??????????-¤???è????????è′°???????????1?????§????????????????-??-??????3??????????????·????3?????????????
????????2??1???____________
???????-??????¥??????____________
???????1???1???_____________
???????-??????¥??????___________
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?7????????2??1???????μ·??????é????????
???????1???1???????μ·?μ·?????|????21???é????????
???????1???1??o??2??1??2????21????o???1????o???2????21????????1????????1??????a?????????????¨???????o???o???a????????????????o???????1???1???è′-????????2??1?o??????2????21???????ˉ??1′????????????é??????ˉ1??ˉ?¢?é??????o?????±?????????1?-?è?¢??????è?????
??????1.?1???1??¨???è′-????????2??1?o???2????21?????????é?????????????¨???é????|????????????????μ·???è???????ˉ?¢??????¤??????????o|???
??????2.?1???1è????¥??2??1??o???????o?é?μ?????2??1?????ˉ?¢??????¤??????????o|???
??????3.?1???1??¨??¨è????2??1?o???2????21???????o????èˉ?è??è??è?|è???????μè?ˉ?¥???????è??è·????????????′????????°è±????
??????4.?1???1??¨?¤?????????¨??2??1?o????è???¨???-?o????è?3?|????è|??±????
??????4.1.?1???1??????????o??°′????o??°??????o?o??????a?£°?o?è??????????????
??????4.2.?1???1?ˉ1??2??1????o????è??è?????????????¨??????????????????????o??3?????3?è§?è|??±??¤?????????????é???????????????±??????ˉ?¢????
??????4.3.??2??1???????ˉ1?1???1?o???2????21????¤????è??è??è·?è?a?£???¥????ˉ1?????|???è§???????é???????ˉ?¢??±??????????????????????èμ???????
??????5.??????è??????????¤????????2?1??????1????-????????????????è??è?a?-?è?¢?1???¥èμ·????????????????????o?o??1′???
????????2??1???????μ·??????é???????? ?1???1???????μ·?μ·?????|????21???é????????
????????£è?¨?-??-???? ??£è?¨?-??-????
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?8???????????1:(??????????????????)
??????é????1:?±?é?¨?????°?????o??°??¥??-??μ?-??????????é????????
?????????????·2?-£????????¥WTO,???é???????1?o?é?μ??a?????3WTO????????????????????3??????è??è??è?????,????-¤???é???????1?o?é?μ????|?????1?è§???????
???????????? ?????1é?????èˉ?????o§??????è£???????è£????????o????é????1????o§?????-?????????ROSH?????¤??¥?????????????????ˉ?¢??3?????3?è§??????ˉ?¢??????3???è′¨??????????????-è§?????????ˉ?¢??????????è′¨????????????????±?é???o???¥???????????????è′¨???
???????¤??3¨???0ppm?3????N.D?????3??¨?????????è?¤???????????1?3???aè???£??μ???o???
???????o????èμ????
???????????1?o???????????????¨??????é????1?????o??ˉ?????????èˉ??????±?o??????1?????????é????1????o§?????????????????????è????????é???????????????-??????????????????|?????????è???????????è§????????ˉ1?o???±?-¤??????èμ·????????3???????¤±???èˉ?è?????????????????é???o??-¤????-?????3?????3??????????????????¨é?¨è′£??????
?????????????????1???é????1????????ˉ????μ?èˉ???¥??????ROSH?????¤??-?¤§?|???¨???è′¨???Cd???Pb???Hg???Cr+6???PBBs???PBDEs????????¥??????????????§??o????1′???è?¥???è???????????é????1?°??§??¤?????μ?èˉ?????§??¤??μ?èˉ?è′1??¨??±?????1??????????-¤è′1??¨???è′§?????-??£é?¤???
???????????1??°???é????·???è?¤??????é????????????o¤?????¥?????-?§??|???¨???è′¨????μ?èˉ???¥??????é????1???
??????é???ˉ1??¥??????????????§??o????1′????????1é??????????¤??a???????o????é????·?μ?èˉ?????o¤???????????¥??????é????1??? ?????1é?????????μ?èˉ???¥??????é????1???é????1?????????é?′è|??±?????????¥?????????
????????????é????1è|??±??????1????1′????????????????????3èˉ·è?¨???????????1é??è′-?????????????????′???????·¥?·¥?o????????????′??????é??è|???????a??????o?????????′?????????è?¤?1|a?????a??é?¨????????′??3èˉ·?1|a??????????¨é????1??1??????????????1?????ˉ??¥é??????????′??? ?o??????????è??é????????????????′è?3?????1?1|é?¢è§£é?¤?-¤???è???????? ??-?????????è????????é???????1??????????????????
??????????????¥?????????è?¥????????′????°???¥?????°???????1?a????ˉ??????è???1|a????o??????
???????????1??? é????1?????°??¥??-??μ?-??????????é???????? ?????????????????????
???????????????????????????
????????£è?¨?oo?-???????????????????????????? ??£è?¨?oo?-???????
????????°?????? ??°???????1????????±?é?¨?????°?????o??|?′2é???????¤??°?·¥?????o
???????1′ ??? ??¥ ?1′ ??? ??¥
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?9????????oé???o???ˉ???????±?è???????????è?3??¢??·é???±?????????????????o?????????¥?????|?????ˉ??????ROHS???è|??±?????????|???????????ˉ?¢??????¤?1??3?????3?è§?????????§ROHS?????¤????????3è|??±??????1???????¤§????o?????-?è?¢??ˉ??????è′¨???è?????
??????1????1???1???èˉ??????2??1é?????????o§???????????¨?????????????????????????????¥????????¨???????????????????o§?·¥è?o??-????????????ROHS?????¤?|??-¢?????¨?1????è′¨?????3?1???1???é????|?????2??1??ˉ???è′¨é??è|??±????
?????????1???????????????é??é?¨???????o§?????-?????3???è′¨???????′???????é???o???|?????????è|??±?
?????????è′¨????§°?????????é?????ROHS?????¤è|??±????
??????é??é???±?é?????é??????????????ppm
??????é?????é??????????????ppm????3¨?????¨???é????-???é?????é?????ppm???
???????±?????±?????????????ppm
????????-??·é??????????????ppm
???????????o?o′??????????¤?è???o′è?ˉ???PBB??????ppm
???????¤??o′è??è?ˉ???PBBEs??????ppm
??????2?????2??1???????ˉ1?1???1??????????ˉ???1??ˉ????o§???è??è???£??μ?????£??μ???????????|?????o?è??????????±??2??1???èˉ¥??1????o¤????o§?????-????????·???é?????è?¤???éa???¤????|?SGS?????????è??è???£??μ????è?¥?£??μ??????????????????3è′1??¨??±??2??1?????????è?¥?£??μ?????????????????1???1???é??????????1???è??????1|???é???????1???????1?????????1?????·???????ˉ1????????????????????1è??è???′§??¥?¤???????é?????????¤±?????±?1???1????????????????£??μ????è′1??¨??????????-¤é??????????????????¤±???
??????3????μ?èˉ??????????é??é????????è′¨?????¨èμ????è?¨??????è?¤???éa???¤????£??μ???¥???????ˉ??§???????é|???1?o¤è′§???é??é???£??μ???¥?????????é????????????????°????????¥?¤oèˉ????????£??μ???¥??????????????o1?1′?????°è???·2??¨???è′§?1?????????????????????′??????èˉ·??????????????????è′¨??????è?¨?????????è?¤??ˉ???éa???¤????£??μ???¥????????¥èˉ???????è′§????????|???ROHS?1?è§???????
??????4?????aè|???2??1??¨????1???1???é??è′-??????????3¨???????-¤è?¢???é????|???ROHS??????????-¤??????è??????????????????????????è?????????????1??1???????-??o|?oo?|?è??????????????è????????????o§??°???????-?????′????è????1???????3?????????????
??????5????1???1??¨é??è′§??°??2??1????????°??1?????????é???????????????????????èˉ????è?aè????¥????-?èˉ?????????????????????ˉ???èμ????????o§??????è£????è?3??2??1è|??±???????é???3¨???ROHS????-????????o§??¥??????????o§??1??·???????????????é??é???-???2??1????o?????????¥????????|??§?????????
??????6????1???1???é?????????±??????????????·¥???è?′???èˉo???é?μ??a??¥??????èˉ??1?è???????§è?????
??????7????-¤???è????2?1??????1?????????????????·???????-??3??????????????|?????o?è?????????¥???????è§£??3?????????è§£??3????o???ˉ??¥???èˉ??3?é?¢?¤???????
????????2??1??? ?1???1???
????????2??1è′?è′£?oo?????£è?¨?????? ?1???1è′?è′£?oo?????£è?¨??????
????????2??1???????????? ?1???1????????????
????????¥??????______?1′____???____??¥ ??¥??????______?1′____???____??¥
??ˉ??????è???1| ?ˉ?????????2??1???XXè??????????ˉ?-|é?¢?-|?·¥?¤?
???????1???1???XXè??????????ˉ?-|é?¢????3?é?¨??-?o§?????a?oo
???????ˉ1è±?????§°:??o???è??????3?é?¨???????????′?????????????·¥???
????????o?o?????o?è??é?¢??? a????????a???????¨?ˉ1?o????????·¥??????????????oè°???′????§ˉ????????oé????ˉ??????????????3?|??-¢?????¨???é???-¥?|??-¢?????¨???è|??±?,??o??????è?2?????′??3?3?,????????o???????????-é??????¨3??????????????????,??2?1??????1è??????????a?|???? ???
?????????????1???1?????2??1è|??±????????????????????′???o?????????
???????o?????1???1?????2??1?????????è|??±?????????????é??é¢????????¤??????????é????|????????-??????é???????μ
????????????è?¥????3??????°??a????-|?????±?????′????????????????3????????????ˉ??ˉ?ˉ1??a?oo?????o??¥è????1èˉ?
????????????????3?????????′?????????è??????????1????§ˉ???????o????é?μ????????-a???????????a??????o|
???????o????è|???|???è??é?¢???a????????a???·¥???????ˉ1???????·¥???è′?è′£?????????????-|???
????????-?????§è????????è??è???¨???-????o§???????o??o·??±?????1?????????è?¤?????2è£???o???è£???3???
??????????????????è???|??1???1????o???¥????-??1???a?????o??????èˉ′????????2??1è§????é??è?¤????????????è???1?è§???????
??????????????????è??????????¤????????1?????§??????(??2??1??????????1???1??????)
??????????3????è?3???èˉ·èˉ′????????????
????????2??1??? ?1???1???
????????????è???-???????????????? ??????è???-????????????????
????????¥?????? ?1′ ??? ??¥ ??¥?????? ?1′ ??? ??¥
(一) 廢水處理
1. 工地生活污水和施工廢水需分別收集,實(shí)施雨污分流,并向區(qū)建設(shè)局提交雨污分流管線圖,以供驗(yàn)收。
2. 生活污水在接入城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)條件具備時(shí),經(jīng)預(yù)處理后納入管網(wǎng)集中處理;如無(wú)條件,則采取臨時(shí)措施,統(tǒng)一清理。
3. 施工廢水、車(chē)輛和地面沖洗水應(yīng)指定清洗地點(diǎn),通過(guò)鋪設(shè)臨時(shí)管網(wǎng)確保收集并處理后再利用、接入管網(wǎng)或清理。
4. 項(xiàng)目開(kāi)工前需提交污水預(yù)處理監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)告、污水接管證明和臨時(shí)清運(yùn)協(xié)議,經(jīng)環(huán)保局審查同意后方可施工。
5. 強(qiáng)化污水處理與清運(yùn)管理,指定專(zhuān)人負(fù)責(zé),記錄污水處理與清運(yùn)情況,規(guī)范處理排放與清運(yùn)。
(二) 廢氣(揚(yáng)塵)管理
1. 根據(jù)《城市揚(yáng)塵污染防治技術(shù)規(guī)范》,制定揚(yáng)塵污染方案,依法申報(bào)排污,設(shè)置圍擋等設(shè)施,實(shí)施防塵、抑塵等措施,確保道路硬化、洗車(chē)平臺(tái)使用,密閉運(yùn)輸,完善排水系統(tǒng),防止泥土攜帶,控制揚(yáng)塵產(chǎn)生。
2. 食堂等生活設(shè)施使用清潔燃料,禁止燃燒《大氣污染防治法》禁止物質(zhì)及廢棄物。
3. 施工中涉及化學(xué)品使用,需控制揮發(fā)性廢氣。
4. 繳納揚(yáng)塵排污費(fèi)。
(三) 噪聲管理
1. 遵守《環(huán)境噪聲污染防治法》和《環(huán)境噪聲污染防治條例》,規(guī)范施工噪聲管理。
2. 強(qiáng)噪聲設(shè)備合理布局,遠(yuǎn)離敏感區(qū),封閉隔聲,達(dá)標(biāo)排放,減少噪聲擾民。加強(qiáng)人為噪聲管理,降低影響。
3. 控制作業(yè)時(shí)間,辦理夜間施工許可證,公告居民,采取措施降噪,敏感時(shí)段停止施工。
4. 繳納噪聲超標(biāo)排污費(fèi)。
(四) 固廢管理
1. 嚴(yán)格按照《固體廢物污染環(huán)境防治法》收集、存放和清運(yùn)建設(shè)工地產(chǎn)生的固體廢物。
2. 施工危險(xiǎn)廢物委托有證單位處理,依法辦理轉(zhuǎn)移手續(xù)。
3. 建筑垃圾和生活垃圾按城市管理規(guī)定收集和清運(yùn)。
費(fèi)用組成:
清運(yùn)費(fèi)涵蓋了垃圾收集、運(yùn)輸、壓實(shí)、填埋等多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的成本。此外,還包括處理廢水、污染物等環(huán)保方面的費(fèi)用。價(jià)格決定因素:
地區(qū)差異:不同區(qū)域的處理成本不相同,導(dǎo)致清運(yùn)費(fèi)價(jià)格存在差異。垃圾來(lái)源與種類(lèi):如大型工業(yè)、商業(yè)、醫(yī)院等單位以及生活垃圾等,不同來(lái)源和種類(lèi)的垃圾會(huì)產(chǎn)生不同的清運(yùn)費(fèi)。垃圾數(shù)量:垃圾的數(shù)量越多,清運(yùn)費(fèi)通常也會(huì)相應(yīng)增加。處理方式:每種垃圾的處理方式存在差異,這也將直接影響清運(yùn)費(fèi)的價(jià)格。降低清運(yùn)費(fèi)的方法:
鼓勵(lì)垃圾分類(lèi):通過(guò)垃圾分類(lèi),可以減少?gòu)U棄物的數(shù)量,提高可回收垃圾的利用率,從而降低清運(yùn)費(fèi)。采用現(xiàn)代化技術(shù):優(yōu)化清垃圾流程,提高垃圾處理的效率,有助于減少清運(yùn)費(fèi)。多方合作:政府部門(mén)、企業(yè)和居民共同合作,共同降低城市清運(yùn)費(fèi),提高城市清潔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。綜上所述,清運(yùn)費(fèi)是城市管理過(guò)程中不可避免的費(fèi)用,其價(jià)格受多種因素影響,并可通過(guò)多種措施來(lái)降低。
最新文章
熱門(mén)文章